Brief history of Delhi’s Bagh-e-Bedil — and a Beloved Poet

Harkî raft az dîdah dâghe bar dîl-e mâ tâzah kard dar zamîn-e narm naqsh pâ nomâyân meshawad

The one who is out of my sight, left a wound in my heart

The soft earth reflects the footprints

— Mirza Bedil

The great Persian poet Abdul Qadir Bedil was born in India in 1644 AD during the reign of Emperor Shah Jahan, and died in 1720 AD when the Mughal empire was faltering under Emperor Mohammad Shah. Popularly known as Bedil Dehlvi, he was a highly respected poet. He was born to an Uzbeki family from Turkestan that moved to India in the early seventeenth century.

Daryâ nakashî, agar nahangî nakunî bar kooh natâzî, ar palangî nakunî

yak jur’a-e tust, qulzam-e kown wa makân ai hawsêla-e khîyâl tangî nakunî

You cannot sip the ocean, if you cannot be like a whale

You cannot gallop up the mountain, if you cannot be like a tiger the world’s ocean becomes one gulp for you

O the patience of imagination, if you do not lose capacity

Mughal empire was faltering under Emperor Mohammad Shah. He was born to an Uzbeki family from Turkestan that moved to India in the early seventeenth century.

He was considered a Sufi saint by many, since he believed the world was in eternal, constant motion. His tomb or mazaar is near Pragati Maidan, well-kept and known as Bagh-e-Bedil.

The tomb near Pragati Maidan. PC: Rana Safvi

In 2015, PM Modi’s gift for President of Tajikistan was a miniature of Poet Bedil’s tomb at Bagh-e-Bedil. PC: Rana Safvi

Nayab Muttawalli, whose family has been the caretaker of the place for at least 600 years, told me about the story of the controversy around the name of the place. He says this building was built eighty years ago by a Nizam of Hyderabad, and spruced up in 2006 for the visit of Emomali Rahmanov, the then-president of Tajikistan.

The original tomb is said to have been near a haveli by the river Yamuna, but his body was taken back to Kabul.

Dr Abdul Ghani corroborates this in the bookLife and Works of Abdul Qadir Bedil, which draws its history from an admirer of Bedil from his times, a man called Bindaban Das “Khushgo”. He writes:

“[Bedil] was down with typhoid fever towards the end of Muharram 1133 AH (Nov 1720). After four or five days the fever disappeared, and, thinking that he had recovered, Bedil took a bath on the 2nd of Safar 1133 AH (December 3, 1720). On Wednesday the 3rd of Safar there was a relapse of fever, which remained for the whole of the night. Nawab Ghairat Khan Bahadur … was with him for the whole of the night. Sometimes Bedil swooned, and then came to himself. When he regained senses, he would burst into laughter involuntarily. The hopes of recovery waned at last, and at dawn the condition changed horribly. It was Thursday, 4th Safar 1133 AH (December 5, 1720) when six gharis had passed after sunrise, the Bedil’s soul winged its way to Heaven. His sacred remains were buried in the courtyard of his house, on the bank of the river Jamna, at the place specified by himself.”