The Relevance Of Faiz’s Poetry In Today’s World

Faiz Ahmed Faiz, one of the most celebrated Urdu poets, was born in 1911 in Sialkot in undivided India. As his grandson, Ali Madeeh Hashmi (son of Muneeza Hashmi) says, “Faiz is gone but his voice is still with us in his poetry, and so are those things in the world that so rankled and infuriated him: exploitation, injustice, tyranny, oppression.”

He was a part of the Progressive Writer’s Movement (PWA) and a member of the Communist Party. His poetry depicted revolution, resistance, and change, which is known in Urdu asgham e daura’n(sorrows of the material world) and notgham e jaana’n(sorrows of the beloved). Like other progressive poets — Sahir Ludhianvi, Ali Sardar Jafri, Josh Malihabadi, Majaz and Kaifi Azmi — Faiz’s verses were meant to invoke passion for social justice, change and revolutionary spirit. That is why this period saw the blossoming of thenazm(rhymed or free verse) rather than theghazalthat was more suitable for the poetry of love because of its restrictions of composition.

1. It was no surprise that in the wake of the bloody riots that accompanied the partition of India and independence of India and Pakistan, instead of rejoicing he wrote thenazm, Subah e Azaadi on 14th August 1947:

Ye dagh dagh ujala ye shab-gazida sahar

Wo intizar tha jis ka ye wo sahar to nahin

Ye wo sahar to nahin jis ki aarzu le kar

Chale the yaar ki mil jayegi kahin na kahin

These scarred rays of light, this wounded dawn

This is not the dawn for which we yearned

This is not the dawn, longing for which

We set out in hope of surely finding it out there

2. In 1951, Faiz, Sajjad Zaheer, along with some army officers was arrested in the Rawalpindi Conspiracy case which was an alleged attempted coup d’etat against the government of Liaqat Ali Khan. Faiz was in jail till 1955 and this was the period that saw his best writing. He was denied a pen and paper during his solitary confinement in Sargodha and Lyallpur. He smuggled his poems out through the kind offices of the jailors and jail personnel. It was here he wrote:

Mataa-e lauh-o qalam chhin gayi to kya gham hai

Ke khoon-e dil mein dubo li hain ungliya’n main ne

Zabaan pe mohr lagi hai to kya, ke rakh di hai

Har ek halqa-e zanjeer mein zabaan main ne

So what slate and pen have been snatched away from me?

For I have dipped my fingers in my heart’s blood

So what if seals have been put on my tongue?

For I have turned every link of my chain into a tongue!

3. In jail, he wrote Zindan ki ek sham (An evening in Prison)

Dil se paiham khayal kahta hai

Itni shirin hai zindagi is pal

Zulm ka zahr gholne wale

Kaamran ho sakenge aaj na kal

Jalwa-gah-e-visal ki shaame’n

Wo bujha bhi chuke agar to kya

Chand ko gul kare’n to hum jaane’n

The heart keeps thinking

So sweet is life at this moment

Those who prepare the poison of oppression

Will succeed neither today nor tomorrow

They may snuff out the light

In the lovers room

I dare them to snuff out the moon!

4. In 1959, he was jailed again under Ayub Khan’s martial law. Once he was taken to a dentist from Lahore jail in a horse cart (tonga). He was in his shackles. The streets of Lahore were familiar to him and people recognised him and started following his tonga. It was then that he wrote:

Chashm-nam jaan-e-shorida kafi nahin

Tohmat-e-ishq-e-poshida kafi nahin

Aaj bazar mein pa-ba-jaulan chalo

Dast-afshan chalo mast o raqsan chalo

Khak-bar-sar chalo Khoon-ba-daman chalo

Raah takta hai sab shahr-e-jaanan chalo

Damp eyes, frenzied soul is not enough

The accusation of hidden love isn’t enough

Walk in the bazar in shackles today

Walk with stars in your hands, a dance in your step

Walk with dust in your head and blood on your clothes

The people of your beloved city await you, walk

5. Despite his stints in jail, exile, and the restrictions on personal freedoms he never gave up hope.

Maana ke yeh sunsaan ghadi, sakht badi hai,

Lekin mere dil, yeh toh faqatek ghadi hai,

Himmat karo, jeene ko abhi umr padi hai.

I agree that this lonely moment is very tough

But my heart, stay calm, it is just one moment

Stay strong, there is a life ahead of you

6. In 1979, under the dictatorship of Zia-ul Haq, Faiz wrote the iconic“Hum Dekhenge”(We shall see).

At a time when religion was being enforced on the people of Pakistan, Faiz wrote anazm, which was laden with Islamic imagery and symbols as a critical commentary on Zia’s forced Islamisation of Pakistan. On the first death anniversary of Faiz in 1985, at a time when wearing sarees was banned for ladies, Iqbal Bano, the famous Pakistani singer, came dressed in a black saree and sangHum Dekhengeto a packed Lahore stadium.

Hum dekhenge,

Laazim hai ke hum bhii dekhe’nge

Hum dekhenge

Wo din ke jis kaa waada hai

Jo lauh-e-azal pe likhaa hai

Hum dekhenge

Jab zulm-o-sitam ke koh-e-giraan

Rooii kii tarah ud jaayenge

Hum mahkoomo’n ke paao’n tale

Jab dhartii dhaR dhaR dhaRkegii

Aur ahl-e-hakam ke sar oopar

Jab bijlii kaR kaR karkegii

Hum dekhenge

We shall see

Definitely, we shall also see

We shall see

That day, which was promised

Which was written on the slate of eternity

We shall see

When the huge mountains of tyranny

Will blow in the wind, like wool

The ground will tremble with a deafening sound

Under the feet of the oppressed

And lightening will strike

Over the heads of the oppressors

We shall see

7. The iconicBol(Speak) that is an anthem for everyone challengingdictatorship

Bol ki lab aazad hain tere

Bol zaban ab tak teri hai

Tera sutwan jism hai tera

Bol ki jaan ab tak teri hai

Speak for your lips are free

Speak for your tongue is still yours

Your body is frail but it is still yours

Speak for you still have life in you

8. This famous, challenging injustice and ruler’s apathy to problems of the people, is from aghazalwritten in Lahore Jail,December 31, 1958

Mit jayegi makhluq to insaaf karoge?

Munsif ho to ab hashr uTha kyun nahin dete

Will you dispense justice when your creation has been annihilated?

If you are a judge why don’t you raise a tumult, now

9. Some verses from anotherghazal,asking people to get together:

Jis noor se hai shahr ki deewar darakhshan

Ye Khoon-e-shahida’n hai ki zar-Khana-e-Jam hai

Halqa kiye baithe raho ek shamma ko yaaro

Kuchh raushni baqi to hai har-chand ki kam hai

The light whose reflection has made the city walls replescendent

Is it the blood of martyrs or the treasury of Jamshed?

Make a circle around a candle, friends

Some light still remains, even though it is less

10. And finally some lines from my favourite nazm, which epitomises poetry with a social conscience. It was written in 1936-37 and was a part of Naqsh e Fariyadi published in 1941.

Faizstartedthis poem with a line from the famous Persian poet, Nizami:“Dil-e-bufro-khatm, jaan-e-khareedun”( “I have sold my heart and bought a soul”)

Aur bhi dukh hain zamaane mein mohabbat ke siwa

Rahatein aur bhi hain wasl ki raahat ke siwa

Mujhse pehli si mohabbat mere mehboob na maang

More suffering in the world than love, exists

More joy than the joy of union, exist

My love, don’t ask me for that love we shared once

Like Faiz, we all need to buy a soul and develop a social conscience.

Published on NewsCentral24x7